{"id":32163,"date":"2025-08-18T17:32:00","date_gmt":"2025-08-18T09:32:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/192.168.10.115\/?p=32163"},"modified":"2025-08-18T17:32:00","modified_gmt":"2025-08-18T09:32:00","slug":"2025-08-18-%e8%a7%86%e8%a7%89%e5%bc%ba%e5%8c%96%e5%ad%a6%e4%b9%a0%e6%9c%80%e6%96%b0%e7%bb%bc%e8%bf%b0%ef%bc%9a%e5%85%a8%e9%a2%86%e5%9f%9f%e6%a2%b3%e7%90%86%ef%bc%88%e6%96%b0%e5%8a%a0%e5%9d%a1%e5%9b%bd","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/222.128.65.89:18086\/index.php\/2025\/08\/18\/32163\/","title":{"rendered":"2025-08-18 \u89c6\u89c9\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u6700\u65b0\u7efc\u8ff0\uff1a\u5168\u9886\u57df\u68b3\u7406\uff08\u65b0\u52a0\u5761\u56fd\u7acb&amp;\u6d59\u5927&amp;\u6e2f\u4e2d\u6587\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/1940723637264024676\">https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/1940723637264024676<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u5f53RLHF\u201c\u5377\u5165\u201d\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9\uff0c\u4e00\u573a\u65b0\u7684\u8303\u5f0f\u9769\u547d\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pic2.zhimg.com\/v2-d0c285993aaf973ec7a375cc1004d01d_1440w.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u56fe 1\uff1a\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u89c6\u89c9\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u65f6\u95f4\u7ebf\u3002\u8be5\u56fe\u6309\u65f6\u95f4\u987a\u5e8f\u6982\u8ff0\u4e86 2023 \u5e74\u81f3 2025 \u5e74\u7684\u5173\u952e\u89c6\u89c9\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\uff08Visual RL\uff09\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u5206\u4e3a\u56db\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\uff1a\u591a\u6a21\u6001\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\uff08Multimodal LLM\uff09\u3001\u89c6\u89c9\u751f\u6210\uff08Visual Generation\uff09\u3001\u7edf\u4e00\u6a21\u578b\uff08Unified Models\uff09\u548c\u89c6\u89c9 &#8211; \u8bed\u8a00 &#8211; \u52a8\u4f5c\u6a21\u578b\uff08VLA Models\uff09\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728<strong>\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\uff08LLM\uff09<\/strong>\u7684\u6c5f\u6e56\u91cc\uff0c<strong>\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\uff08RL\uff09<\/strong>\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5e26\u6709<strong>\u4eba\u7c7b\u53cd\u9988\u7684\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\uff08RLHF\uff09<\/strong>\uff0c\u65e9\u5df2\u4e0d\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u65b0\u9c9c\u8bcd\u3002\u6b63\u662f\u5b83\uff0c\u5982\u540c\u4e00\u4f4d\u5185\u529b\u6df1\u539a\u7684\u5b97\u5e08\uff0c\u4e3a <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/zhida.zhihu.com\/search?content_id=261869073&amp;content_type=Article&amp;match_order=1&amp;q=GPT&amp;zhida_source=entity\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">GPT<\/a><\/strong><strong>\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/zhida.zhihu.com\/search?content_id=261869073&amp;content_type=Article&amp;match_order=1&amp;q=Qwen&amp;zhida_source=entity\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Qwen<\/a><\/strong><strong>\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/zhida.zhihu.com\/search?content_id=261869073&amp;content_type=Article&amp;match_order=1&amp;q=DeepSeek&amp;zhida_source=entity\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">DeepSeek<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b49\u6a21\u578b\u6ce8\u5165\u4e86\u201c\u7075\u9b42\u201d\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u56de\u7b54\u80fd\u591f\u5982\u6b64\u8d34\u5408\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u601d\u7ef4\u4e0e\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u3002\u8fd9\u573a\u7531 RL \u4e3b\u5bfc\u7684\u9769\u547d\uff0c\u5f7b\u5e95\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u4e0eAI\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5f53\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u90fd\u4ee5\u4e3a\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u821e\u53f0\u4ec5\u9650\u4e8e\u6587\u5b57\u7684\u65b9\u5bf8\u4e4b\u95f4\u65f6\uff0c\u4e00\u80a1\u540c\u6837\u7684\u6d6a\u6f6e\uff0c\u6b63\u4ee5\u8fc5\u96f7\u4e0d\u53ca\u63a9\u8033\u4e4b\u52bf\uff0c\u201c\u5377\u201d\u5411\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u4e3a\u5e7f\u9614\u7684\u9886\u57df\u2014\u2014<strong>\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9\uff08CV\uff09<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u60f3\u8c61\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u5982\u679cAI\u4e0d\u4ec5\u80fd\u201c\u770b\u61c2\u201d\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u66f4\u80fd\u6839\u636e\u4f60\u7684\u4e3b\u89c2\u504f\u597d\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u201c\u6211\u60f3\u8981\u4e00\u5f20\u66f4\u6709\u610f\u5883\u7684\u5c71\u6c34\u753b\u201d\uff09\u53bb\u521b\u9020\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u89c6\u89c9\u5185\u5bb9\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u4e0d\u4ec5\u80fd\u8bc6\u522b\u7269\u4f53\uff0c\u66f4\u80fd\u4e3b\u52a8\u5730\u3001\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5730\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u4ea4\u4e92\u4ee5\u5b8c\u6210\u590d\u6742\u4efb\u52a1\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u201c\u5e2e\u6211\u6574\u7406\u4e00\u4e0b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51cc\u4e71\u7684\u623f\u95f4\u201d\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u5207\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u4e0e\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9\u6df1\u5ea6\u878d\u5408\u540e\uff0c\u6b63\u5728\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u65b0\u6545\u4e8b\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u518d\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e8e\u8ba9AI\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u88ab\u52a8\u7684\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8981\u5c06\u5176\u8bad\u7ec3\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u80fd\u591f\u4e3b\u52a8\u51b3\u7b56\u3001\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u4ea4\u4e92\u3001\u5e76\u6700\u7ec8\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u610f\u56fe\u5bf9\u9f50\u7684\u201c\u884c\u52a8\u6d3e\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6700\u8fd1\uff0c\u4e00\u7bc7\u7531<strong>\u65b0\u52a0\u5761\u56fd\u7acb\u5927\u5b66\u3001\u6d59\u6c5f\u5927\u5b66\u3001\u9999\u6e2f\u4e2d\u6587\u5927\u5b66\u7b49<\/strong>\u673a\u6784\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u8054\u5408\u64b0\u5199\u7684\u957f\u7bc7\u7efc\u8ff0 <strong>\u300aReinforcement Learning in Vision: A Survey\u300b<\/strong> \uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u68b3\u7406\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\uff08RL\uff09\u4e0e\u89c6\u89c9\u667a\u80fd\u4ea4\u53c9\u9886\u57df\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u8fdb\u5c55\u3001\u6838\u5fc3\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ca\u672a\u6765\u65b9\u5411\u3002\u7efc\u8ff0\u6db5\u76d6200\u4f59\u7bc7\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4ee5\u201c\u7406\u8bba\u57fa\u7840-\u9886\u57df\u5206\u7c7b-\u8bc4\u4f30\u4f53\u7cfb-\u6311\u6218\u5c55\u671b\u201d\u4e3a\u903b\u8f91\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u548c\u4ece\u4e1a\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8be5\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u56fe\u8c31\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pic1.zhimg.com\/v2-5a7b96761548953edeb2116764fc807c_1440w.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ece\u6838\u5fc3\u5185\u5bb9\u5c55\u5f00\u8be6\u7ec6\u603b\u7ed3\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h_1940723637264024676_1\"><strong>\u4e00\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u80cc\u666f\u4e0e\u7efc\u8ff0\u5b9a\u4f4d<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h_1940723637264024676_2\"><strong>1.1 \u9886\u57df\u5174\u8d77\u52a8\u56e0<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u89c6\u89c9\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u7206\u53d1\u6e90\u4e8e<strong>\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u5728\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\uff08LLM\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u6210\u529f\u8fc1\u79fb<\/strong>\u3002RL\u901a\u8fc7\u201c\u4eba\u7c7b\u53cd\u9988\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\uff08RLHF\uff09\u201d\u201cDeepSeek-R1\u201d\u7b49\u8303\u5f0f\uff0c\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u5347\u4e86LLM\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u504f\u597d\u5bf9\u9f50\u4e0e\u590d\u6742\u63a8\u7406\u80fd\u529b\uff08\u5982InstructGPT\uff09\u3002\u53d7\u6b64\u542f\u53d1\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u5c06RL\u62d3\u5c55\u81f3\u591a\u6a21\u6001\u5927\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u6db5\u76d6\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u89c6\u89c9-\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\uff08VLM\uff0c\u5982Gemini 2.5\uff09\uff1a\u7528RL\u5bf9\u9f50\u89c6\u89c9-\u6587\u672c\u63a8\u7406\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u8bed\u4e49\u8fde\u8d2f\u6027\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u89c6\u89c9-\u8bed\u8a00-\u52a8\u4f5c\u6a21\u578b\uff08VLA\uff0c\u5982GUI\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u3001\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u64cd\u7eb5\u6a21\u578b\uff09\uff1a\u7528RL\u4f18\u5316\u5e8f\u5217\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u6539\u5584\u4efb\u52a1\u6027\u80fd\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6269\u6563\u578b\u89c6\u89c9\u751f\u6210\u6a21\u578b\uff08\u5982\u6587\u672c-\u56fe\u50cf\/\u89c6\u9891\u751f\u6210\uff09\uff1a\u7528RL\u63d0\u5347\u751f\u6210\u8d28\u91cf\u4e0eprompt\u5bf9\u9f50\u5ea6\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7edf\u4e00\u591a\u6a21\u6001\u6846\u67b6\uff08\u5982UniRL\u3001Emu3\uff09\uff1a\u7528RL\u5b9e\u73b0\u201c\u7406\u89e3-\u751f\u6210\u201d\u8de8\u4efb\u52a1\u6cdb\u5316\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h_1940723637264024676_3\"><strong>1.2 \u6838\u5fc3\u6311\u6218\u4e0e\u7efc\u8ff0\u76ee\u6807<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f53\u524d\u9886\u57df\u9762\u4e34<strong>\u4e09\u5927\u6838\u5fc3\u6311\u6218<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2460\u590d\u6742\u5956\u52b1\u4fe1\u53f7\u4e0b\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u4f18\u5316\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2461\u9ad8\u7ef4\u3001\u591a\u6837\u89c6\u89c9\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u9ad8\u6548\u5904\u7406\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2462\u957f\u5468\u671f\u51b3\u7b56\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u5956\u52b1\u51fd\u6570\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7efc\u8ff0\u7684<strong>\u6838\u5fc3\u76ee\u6807<\/strong>\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2460\u5f62\u5f0f\u5316\u89c6\u89c9RL\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u68b3\u7406\u7b56\u7565\u4f18\u5316\u4eceRLHF\u5230\u53ef\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5956\u52b1\u3001\u4ecePPO\u5230GRPO\u7684\u6f14\u8fdb\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2461\u5c06200+\u7814\u7a76\u5206\u4e3a\u201c\u591a\u6a21\u6001LLM\u3001\u89c6\u89c9\u751f\u6210\u3001\u7edf\u4e00\u6a21\u578b\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/zhida.zhihu.com\/search?content_id=261869073&amp;content_type=Article&amp;match_order=1&amp;q=VLA%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B&amp;zhida_source=entity\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">VLA\u6a21\u578b<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201d\u56db\u5927\u652f\u67f1\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2462\u5206\u6790\u5404\u9886\u57df\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3001\u5956\u52b1\u5de5\u7a0b\u4e0e\u57fa\u51c6\u8fdb\u5c55\uff1b\u2463\u603b\u7ed3\u8bc4\u4f30\u534f\u8bae\u4e0e\u5f00\u653e\u6311\u6218\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u9996\u53d1\u4e8e\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u4e4b\u5fc3Tech\u77e5\u8bc6\u661f\u7403\uff0c\u786c\u6838\u8d44\u6599\u5728\u661f\u7403\u7f6e\u9876\uff1a\u52a0\u5165\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u89c6\u9891\u8bfe\u7a0b\u3001\u4ee3\u7801\u5b66\u4e60\u8d44\u6599\u53ca\u5404\u7ec6\u5206\u9886\u57df\u5b66\u4e60\u8def\u7ebf~<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><strong>\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff1a<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s\/b871zT3WIys81XLr6cywxw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u89c6\u89c9\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u6700\u65b0\u7efc\u8ff0\uff1a\u5168\u9886\u57df\u68b3\u7406\uff08\u65b0\u52a0\u5761\u56fd\u7acb&amp;\u6d59\u5927&amp;\u6e2f\u4e2d\u6587\uff09<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h_1940723637264024676_4\"><strong>\u4e8c\u3001\u89c6\u89c9\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u57fa\u7840<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7efc\u8ff0\u9996\u5148\u592f\u5b9e\u89c6\u89c9RL\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u95ee\u9898\u5f62\u5f0f\u5316\u3001\u5bf9\u9f50\u8303\u5f0f\u4e0e\u7b56\u7565\u4f18\u5316\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e3a\u540e\u7eed\u9886\u57df\u5206\u6790\u5960\u5b9a\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h_1940723637264024676_5\"><strong>2.1 \u95ee\u9898\u5f62\u5f0f\u5316\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/zhida.zhihu.com\/search?content_id=261869073&amp;content_type=Article&amp;match_order=1&amp;q=%E9%A9%AC%E5%B0%94%E5%8F%AF%E5%A4%AB%E5%86%B3%E7%AD%96%E8%BF%87%E7%A8%8B&amp;zhida_source=entity\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u9a6c\u5c14\u53ef\u592b\u51b3\u7b56\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/a><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h_1940723637264024676_5\"><strong>\uff08MDP\uff09\u5efa\u6a21<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u5c06<strong>\u6587\u672c\/\u56fe\u50cf\/\u89c6\u9891\u751f\u6210<\/strong>\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u201cepisodic MDP\u201d\uff0c\u6838\u5fc3\u7b26\u53f7\u4e0e\u5b9a\u4e49\u5982\u4e0b\uff08\u88681\u603b\u7ed3\u5173\u952e\u7b26\u53f7\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u72b6\u6001\uff08s_t\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001s\u2080\u4e3a\u7528\u6237prompt\uff08p\uff09\uff0ct\u65f6\u523b\u72b6\u6001\u4e3a\u201cprompt+\u5df2\u751f\u6210\u52a8\u4f5c\u201d\uff0c\u5373s_t=(p, a\u2081,&#8230;,a_{t-1})\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u52a8\u4f5c\uff08a_t\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a autoregressively\u4ece\u7b56\u7565\u91c7\u6837\u7684token\uff08\u6587\u672c\uff09\u3001\u50cf\u7d20\u5757\uff08\u56fe\u50cf\uff09\u6216\u6269\u6563\u566a\u58f0\uff08\u751f\u6210\u6a21\u578b\uff09\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u8f68\u8ff9\uff08y\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u5b8c\u6574\u52a8\u4f5c\u5e8f\u5217(a\u2081,&#8230;,a_T)\uff0c\u7b56\u7565\u03c0_\u03b8(a_t|s_t)\u5b9a\u4e49\u52a8\u4f5c\u91c7\u6837\u6982\u7387\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5956\u52b1\u4e0e\u53c2\u8003\u6a21\u578b<\/strong>\uff1a\u4eba\u7c7b\u504f\u597d\u84b8\u998f\u4e3a\u5e8f\u5217\u7ea7\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578bR_\u03c6(p,y)\uff0c\u56fa\u5b9a\u53c2\u8003\u6a21\u578b\u03c0_ref\uff08\u5982\u76d1\u7763\u5fae\u8c03\u6a21\u578b\u03c0_SFT\uff09\u7528\u4e8eKL\u6b63\u5219\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u7b56\u7565\u6f02\u79fb\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u5efa\u6a21\u65b9\u5f0f\u7edf\u4e00\u4e86\u6587\u672c\u4e0e\u89c6\u89c9\u751f\u6210\u7684RL\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u4f7fLLM\u7684RL\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u8fc1\u79fb\u81f3\u89c6\u89c9\u9886\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h_1940723637264024676_6\"><strong>2.2 \u4e09\u5927\u6838\u5fc3\u5bf9\u9f50\u8303\u5f0f\uff1a\u4ece\u4e3b\u89c2\u504f\u597d\u5230\u5ba2\u89c2\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5bf9\u9f50\u8303\u5f0f\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u201c\u5982\u4f55\u7528\u53cd\u9988\u4fe1\u53f7\u5f15\u5bfc\u7b56\u7565\u4f18\u5316\u201d\uff0c\u7efc\u8ff0\u63d0\u51fa\u4e09\u7c7b\u4e3b\u6d41\u8303\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pic4.zhimg.com\/v2-dba9ed8cea385b4134bdd0f01eb88671_1440w.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u56fe 2\uff1a\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u4e09\u79cd\u5bf9\u9f50\u8303\u5f0f\u3002\uff08a\uff09\u57fa\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u53cd\u9988\u7684\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\uff08RLHF\uff09\u4ece\u4eba\u7c7b\u504f\u597d\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u5b66\u4e60\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd1\u90bb\u7b56\u7565\u4f18\u5316\uff08PPO\uff09\u5bf9\u7b56\u7565\u8fdb\u884c\u4f18\u5316\u3002\uff08b\uff09\u76f4\u63a5\u504f\u597d\u4f18\u5316\uff08DPO\uff09\u7701\u53bb\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u9488\u5bf9\u51bb\u7ed3\u7684\u53c2\u8003\u6a21\u578b\u4f18\u5316\u5bf9\u6bd4\u76ee\u6807\u3002\uff08c\uff09\u5e26\u53ef\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5956\u52b1\u7684\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\uff08RLVR\uff09\u7528\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u53ef\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4fe1\u53f7\u66ff\u4ee3\u4e3b\u89c2\u504f\u597d\uff0c\u5e76\u91c7\u7528\u7ec4\u76f8\u5bf9\u7b56\u7565\u4f18\u5316\uff08GRPO\uff09\u8bad\u7ec3\u7b56\u7565\u3002 \u5173\u952e\u672f\u8bed\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h_1940723637264024676_7\"><strong>\uff081\uff09\u57fa\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u53cd\u9988\u7684\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\uff08RLHF\uff09<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>RLHF\u662f\u89c6\u89c9RL\u4e2d\u6700\u6210\u719f\u7684\u8303\u5f0f\uff0c\u91c7\u7528<strong>\u4e09\u9636\u6bb5\u6d41\u7a0b<\/strong>\uff08\u56fe2a\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u9636\u6bb51\uff1a\u76d1\u7763\u7b56\u7565\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3<\/strong>\uff1a\u7528\u6807\u6ce8\u6570\u636e\u8bad\u7ec3\u521d\u59cb\u7b56\u7565\u03c0_SFT\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u9636\u6bb52\uff1a\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3<\/strong>\uff1a\u6536\u96c6\u4eba\u7c7b\u504f\u597d\u6570\u636e\uff08p, y_A, y_B\uff09\uff08y_A\u4e3a\u504f\u597d\u7eed\u8d2f\uff09\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u201cBradley-Terry likelihood\u201d\u8bad\u7ec3 scalar\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578bR_\u03c6\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u51fd\u6570\u4e3a\uff1a<br>\u5176\u4e2d\u03c3\u4e3asigmoid\u51fd\u6570\uff0cR_\u03c6\u8f93\u51fa\u53cd\u6620\u4eba\u7c7b\u504f\u597d\u7684\u7a20\u5bc6\u5956\u52b1\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u9636\u6bb53\uff1aPPO\u7b56\u7565\u4f18\u5316<\/strong>\uff1a\u6700\u5927\u5316\u201c\u5956\u52b1-RL\u60e9\u7f5a+\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u5bf9\u6570\u4f3c\u7136\u201d\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u51fd\u6570\u4e3a\uff1a<br>\u5176\u4e2d\u03b2\u63a7\u5236KL\u60e9\u7f5a\u5f3a\u5ea6\uff08\u9632\u6b62\u7b56\u7565\u504f\u79bb\u03c0_SFT\uff09\uff0c\u03b3\u5e73\u8861\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u6027\u80fd\u4fdd\u7559\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u89c6\u89c9\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\uff0cRLHF\u7684\u5178\u578b\u5e94\u7528\u5305\u62ec\uff1aImageReward\uff08\u6587\u672c-\u56fe\u50cf\u751f\u6210\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u504f\u597d\u5956\u52b1\uff09\u3001HPS\uff08\u4eba\u7c7b\u7f8e\u5b66\u5206\u6570\uff09\u5f15\u5bfc\u6269\u6563\u6a21\u578b\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u5347\u751f\u6210\u8d28\u91cf\u4e0eprompt\u5bf9\u9f50\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h_1940723637264024676_8\"><strong>\uff082\uff09\u76f4\u63a5\u504f\u597d\u4f18\u5316\uff08DPO\uff09<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>DPO\u9488\u5bf9RLHF\u201c\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3\u7e41\u7410\u201d\u7684\u75db\u70b9\uff0c<strong>\u79fb\u9664\u4e2d\u95f4\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b<\/strong>\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u7528\u504f\u597d\u6570\u636e\u4f18\u5316\u7b56\u7565\uff08\u56fe2b\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\uff1a\u4e0eRLHF\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u504f\u597d\u4e09\u5143\u7ec4(p, y_A, y_B)\uff08y_A\u504f\u597d\u4e8ey_B\uff09\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6838\u5fc3\u76ee\u6807\uff1a\u4f18\u5316\u201c\u7b56\u7565\u4e0e\u53c2\u8003\u6a21\u578b\u03c0_ref\u7684\u5bf9\u6570\u4f18\u52bf\u5dee\u201d\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u51fd\u6570\u4e3a\uff1a<br>\u5176\u4e2d\u0394_\u03b8\u4e3a\u201c\u7b56\u7565\u5bf9\u6570\u6bd4-\u53c2\u8003\u6a21\u578b\u5bf9\u6570\u6bd4\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u0394_\u03b8=log(\u03c0_\u03b8(y_A|p)\/\u03c0_ref(y_A|p)) &#8211; log(\u03c0_\u03b8(y_B|p)\/\u03c0_ref(y_B|p))\uff0c\u03b2\u4e3a\u6e29\u5ea6\u8d85\u53c2\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4f18\u52bf\uff1a\u65e0\u9700\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\u3001\u4ef7\u503c\u7f51\u7edc\u6216\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u91c7\u6837\uff0c\u4ec5\u7528\u76d1\u7763\u68af\u5ea6\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u6548\u7387\u66f4\u9ad8\uff08\u5982DiffusionDPO\u7528\u4e8e\u56fe\u50cf\u751f\u6210\u5bf9\u9f50\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h_1940723637264024676_9\"><strong>\uff083\uff09\u5e26\u53ef\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5956\u52b1\u7684\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\uff08RLVR\uff09<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>RLVR\u7528<strong>\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u3001\u53ef\u7f16\u7a0b\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u5956\u52b1<\/strong>\u66ff\u4ee3\u4e3b\u89c2\u4eba\u7c7b\u504f\u597d\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3RLHF\u6570\u636e\u6210\u672c\u9ad8\u3001DPO\u4f9d\u8d56\u504f\u597d\u6570\u636e\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff08\u56fe2c\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u53ef\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5956\u52b1\u4fe1\u53f7\uff1a\u5982\u4ee3\u7801\u6d4b\u8bd5\u901a\u8fc7\u7387\uff08LeetCode\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\uff09\u3001\u56fe\u50cf\u5206\u5272IoU\u22650.9\u3001\u6570\u5b66\u7b54\u6848\u7cbe\u786e\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u5956\u52b1\u51fd\u6570r(p,y)=v(p,y)\u2208{0,1}\uff081\u4e3a\u201c\u901a\u8fc7\u9a8c\u8bc1\u201d\uff09\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u8bad\u7ec3\u6d41\u7a0b\uff1a\u4e24\u9636\u6bb5\u2014\u2014\u2460\u76d1\u7763\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u03c0_SFT\uff1b\u2461\u7528GRPO\/PPO\u4f18\u5316\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u5c11\u91cfSFT\u66f4\u65b0\u7a33\u5b9a\u8bad\u7ec3\uff08\u5982DeepSeekMath\u7528\u6570\u5b66\u7b54\u6848\u7cbe\u786e\u5339\u914d\u5956\u52b1\uff0cGRPO\u8bad\u7ec3\uff09\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4f18\u52bf\uff1a\u65e0\u4e3b\u89c2\u504f\u5dee\u3001\u6570\u636e\u6210\u672c\u4f4e\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u201c\u7ed3\u679c\u53ef\u91cf\u5316\u9a8c\u8bc1\u201d\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff08\u59823D\u751f\u6210\u7684\u51e0\u4f55\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3001GUI\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u6b63\u786e\u6027\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h_1940723637264024676_10\"><strong>2.3 \u4e24\u5927\u7b56\u7565\u4f18\u5316\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1aPPO\u4e0eGRPO<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b56\u7565\u4f18\u5316\u7b97\u6cd5\u662f\u201c\u5982\u4f55\u6839\u636e\u5956\u52b1\u66f4\u65b0\u7b56\u7565\u201d\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u7efc\u8ff0\u91cd\u70b9\u5206\u6790\u4e24\u79cd\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u89c6\u89c9\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/picx.zhimg.com\/v2-6b31f6fdf654d05a1bff85f21811bd13_1440w.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u56fe 3\uff1a\u4e24\u79cd\u5177\u6709\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7684\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\uff08LLM\uff09\u7b56\u7565\u4f18\u5316\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\uff08a\uff09\u8fd1\u90bb\u7b56\u7565\u4f18\u5316\uff08PPO\uff09\u91c7\u7528\u5b66\u4e60\u5230\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u6a21\u578b\u8fdb\u884c\u4f18\u52bf\u4f30\u8ba1\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a token \u5904\u5f15\u5165 KL \u60e9\u7f5a\u9879\u3002\uff08b\uff09\u7ec4\u76f8\u5bf9\u7b56\u7565\u4f18\u5316\uff08GRPO\uff09\u79fb\u9664\u4e86\u4ef7\u503c\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7 G \u4e2a\u7eed\u8d2f\uff08continuation\uff09\u8ba1\u7b97\u7ec4\u5f52\u4e00\u5316\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u5e76\u91c7\u7528\u663e\u5f0f\u7684\u63d0\u793a\u7ea7\uff08prompt-level\uff09KL \u60e9\u7f5a\u9879\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h_1940723637264024676_11\"><strong>\uff081\uff09\u8fd1\u90bb\u7b56\u7565\u4f18\u5316\uff08PPO\uff09<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>PPO\u662fRLHF\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f18\u5316\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8e<strong>\u4e00\u9636\u4fe1\u4efb\u57df\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff0c\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u201c\u9650\u5236\u7b56\u7565\u66f4\u65b0\u5e45\u5ea6\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7a33\u5b9a\u201d\uff08\u56fe3a\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5173\u952e\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff1a<br>\u2460 \u91cd\u8981\u6027\u91c7\u6837\u6bd4\u03c1_t(\u03b8)=\u03c0_\u03b8(a_t|s_t)\/\u03c0_\u03b8_old(a_t|s_t)\uff1a\u5c06\u884c\u4e3a\u7b56\u7565\uff08\u03c0_\u03b8_old\uff09\u7684\u68af\u5ea6\u6743\u91cd\u8c03\u6574\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\u7b56\u7565\uff08\u03c0_\u03b8\uff09\uff1b<br>\u2461 \u4ef7\u503c\u7f51\u7edcV_\u03c8(s_t)\uff1a\u9884\u6d4b\u72b6\u6001s_t\u7684\u672a\u6765\u56de\u62a5\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8ba1\u7b97GAE\uff08\u5e7f\u4e49\u4f18\u52bf\u4f30\u8ba1\uff09\u4f18\u52bf\u503c\u00c2_t=GAE(r_t^{PPO}, V_\u03c8)\uff1b<br>\u2462 KL\u6b63\u5219\uff1a\u5956\u52b1\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165KL\u9879r_t^{PPO}=r_\u03c6(s_t,a_t) &#8211; \u03b2 log(\u03c0_\u03b8\/\u03c0_ref)\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u7b56\u7565\u504f\u79bb\u03c0_ref\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u76ee\u6807\u51fd\u6570\uff08\u88c1\u526a surrogate\uff09\uff1a<br>\u5176\u4e2d\u03b5\u63a7\u5236\u4fe1\u4efb\u57df\u5bbd\u5ea6\uff08\u901a\u5e380.1~0.2\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h_1940723637264024676_12\"><strong>\uff082\uff09\u7ec4\u76f8\u5bf9\u7b56\u7565\u4f18\u5316\uff08GRPO\uff09<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>GRPO\u9488\u5bf9\u89c6\u89c9\u4efb\u52a1\u201c\u9ad8\u7ef4\u8f93\u5165\u5bfc\u81f4\u5185\u5b58\u7d27\u5f20\u201d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c<strong>\u79fb\u9664PPO\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u7f51\u7edc<\/strong>\uff0c\u7528\u201c\u7ec4\u76f8\u5bf9\u57fa\u7ebf\u201d\u964d\u4f4e\u65b9\u5dee\uff08\u56fe3b\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u6838\u5fc3\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff1a<br>\u2460 \u7ec4\u91c7\u6837\uff1a\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2aprompt p\uff0c\u91c7\u6837G\u4e2a\u7eed\u8d2f\uff08a\u2081,&#8230;,a_G\uff09\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u7ec4O={a_i}<em>{i=1}^G\uff1b<\/em><br><em>\u2461 \u7ec4\u76f8\u5bf9\u4f18\u52bf\uff1a\u5956\u52b1\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u4e3a\u00c2<\/em>{i,t}=(r_{i,t}-mean(r_{\u00b7,t}))\/std(r_{\u00b7,t})\uff0c\u65e0\u9700\u4ef7\u503c\u7f51\u7edc\uff1b<br>\u2462 prompt\u7ea7KL\u60e9\u7f5a\uff1a\u5355\u72ec\u8ba1\u7b97prompt\u5c42\u9762\u7684KL\u4f30\u8ba1D_KL(p)\uff08token\u5e73\u5747KL\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u878d\u5165\u5956\u52b1\uff08\u516c\u5f0f13\uff09\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u76ee\u6807\u51fd\u6570\uff1a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4f18\u52bf\uff1a\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528\u51cf\u534a\uff08\u65e0critic\uff09\u3001\u8d85\u53c2\u66f4\u5c11\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u89c6\u9891\u751f\u6210\u30013D\u751f\u6210\u7b49\u5185\u5b58\u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u4efb\u52a1\uff08\u5982DanceGRPO\u7528\u4e8e\u89c6\u9891\u65f6\u5e8f\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u4f18\u5316\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h_1940723637264024676_13\"><strong>\u4e09\u3001\u89c6\u89c9\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u56db\u5927\u6838\u5fc3\u5e94\u7528\u9886\u57df<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7efc\u8ff0\u5c06\u89c6\u89c9RL\u7814\u7a76\u5206\u4e3a\u201c\u591a\u6a21\u6001LLM\u3001\u89c6\u89c9\u751f\u6210\u3001\u7edf\u4e00\u6a21\u578b\u3001VLA\u6a21\u578b\u201d\u56db\u5927\u652f\u67f1\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\u4e0b\u7ec6\u5206\u4efb\u52a1\u5e76\u5206\u6790\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pic1.zhimg.com\/v2-2e574c57e8d8bdf3c3fd57217104eb8e_1440w.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u56fe 4\uff1a\u89c6\u89c9\u9886\u57df\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u5206\u7c7b\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002\u8be5\u56fe\u8868\u9996\u5148\u5c06\u73b0\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u6309\u9ad8\u5c42\u9886\u57df\uff08\u591a\u6a21\u6001\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u3001\u89c6\u89c9\u751f\u6210\u3001\u7edf\u4e00\u6a21\u578b\u3001\u89c6\u89c9 &#8211; \u8bed\u8a00 &#8211; \u52a8\u4f5c\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\uff09\u5206\u7ec4\uff0c\u518d\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6309\u66f4\u7ec6\u7c92\u5ea6\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u5212\u5206\uff0c\u5e76\u5217\u51fa\u4e86\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5206\u652f\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\uff08\u8bba\u6587\uff09\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h_1940723637264024676_14\"><strong>3.1 \u591a\u6a21\u6001\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\uff08MLLM\uff09<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>MLLM\u7684RL\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u201c\u5bf9\u9f50\u89c6\u89c9-\u8bed\u8a00\u63a8\u7406\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u9700\u6c42\u201d\uff0c\u5206\u56db\u7c7b\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u5411\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h_1940723637264024676_15\"><strong>\uff081\uff09\u5e38\u89c4RL\u9a71\u52a8\u578bMLLM<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u7c7b\u6a21\u578b\u7528<strong>\u53ef\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5956\u52b1\u4f18\u5316VLM\u9aa8\u5e72<\/strong>\uff0c\u4e0d\u6d89\u53ca\u590d\u6742\u94fe\u5f0f\u63a8\u7406\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\uff1a<br>\u2460 RePIC\uff08Oh et al., 2025\uff09\u3001GoalLadder\uff08Zakharov &amp; Whiteson, 2025\uff09\uff1a\u7528\u7cbe\u786e\u5339\u914d\u3001IoU\u7b49\u53ef\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5956\u52b1\uff0cGRPO\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u96f6\u6837\u672c\u9c81\u68d2\u6027\uff1b<br>\u2461 GRPO-CARE\uff08Chen et al., 2025b\uff09\uff1a\u5f15\u5165\u201c\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u611f\u77e5\u7ec4\u5f52\u4e00\u5316\u201d\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u5956\u52b1\u65b9\u5dee\uff1b<br>\u2462 Q-Ponder\uff08Cai et al., 2025c\uff09\uff1a\u52a0\u5165\u201c\u601d\u8003\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u201d\uff0c\u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u6574\u63a8\u7406\u6b65\u6570\uff1b<br>\u2463 MoDoMoDo\uff08Liang et al., 2025\uff09\uff1a\u591a\u9886\u57df\u6df7\u5408\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u9884\u6d4b\u5956\u52b1\u5206\u5e03\u5e76\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u4f18\u8bad\u7ec3\u8bfe\u7a0b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h_1940723637264024676_16\"><strong>\uff082\uff09\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0e3D\u611f\u77e5<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u805a\u7126\u201c\u7528RL\u63d0\u5347MLLM\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u7406\u89e3\u80fd\u529b\u201d\uff0c\u52062D\u4e0e3D\u4efb\u52a1\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>2D\u611f\u77e5<\/strong>\uff1a<br>\u2460 Omni-R1\uff08Zhong et al., 2025\uff09\uff1a\u53cc\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u5168\u5c40-\u5c40\u90e8\uff09GRPO\uff0c\u7528\u89c4\u5219\u5316\u6307\u6807\uff08\u5982\u60c5\u611f\u8bc6\u522b\u51c6\u786e\u7387\uff09\u9a8c\u8bc1\u9884\u6d4b\uff1b<br>\u2461 DIP-R1\uff08Park et al., 2025b\uff09\uff1a\u201cinspect\u2192observe\u2192act\u201d step-wise\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b65\u7528IoU\u6216\u8ba1\u6570\u5956\u52b1\u4f18\u5316\u7ec6\u7c92\u5ea6\u68c0\u6d4b\uff1b<br>\u2462 VisRL\uff08Chen et al., 2025h\uff09\uff1a\u5c06\u201c\u610f\u56fe\u5f15\u5bfc\u7684\u7126\u70b9\u9009\u62e9\u201d\u5efa\u6a21\u4e3aRL\u5b50\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u65e0\u9700\u6602\u8d35\u533a\u57df\u6807\u6ce8\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>3D\u611f\u77e5<\/strong>\uff1a<br>\u2460 MetaSpatial\uff08Pan &amp; Liu, 2025\uff09\uff1a\u7528\u6e32\u67d3\u6df1\u5ea6\/IoU\u5956\u52b1\uff0c\u4f18\u5316AR\/VR\u573a\u666f\u751f\u6210\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u63a8\u7406\uff1b<br>\u2461 Scene-R1\uff08Yuan et al., 2025c\uff09\uff1a\u89c6\u9891\u63a5\u5730\u7247\u6bb5\u9009\u62e9+\u4e24\u9636\u6bb5\u63a5\u5730\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u65e0\u70b9\u4e91\u6807\u6ce8\u5b66\u4e603D\u573a\u666f\u7ed3\u6784\uff1b<br>\u2462 BindGPT\uff08Zholus et al., 2025\uff09\uff1a\u5c06\u539f\u5b50\u653e\u7f6e\u89c6\u4e3a\u5e8f\u5217\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c\u7528\u7ed3\u5408\u4eb2\u548c\u529b\u4f30\u8ba1\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5956\u52b1\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b03D\u5206\u5b50\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h_1940723637264024676_17\"><strong>\uff083\uff09\u56fe\u50cf\u63a8\u7406<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5206\u201c\u57fa\u4e8e\u56fe\u50cf\u601d\u8003\uff08Think about Image\uff09\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u7528\u56fe\u50cf\u601d\u8003\uff08Think with Image\uff09\u201d\u4e24\u7c7b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Think about Image<\/strong>\uff1a\u4ec5\u7528\u8bed\u8a00\u63cf\u8ff0\u56fe\u50cf\u89c2\u5bdf\uff0c\u4e0d\u4fee\u6539\u89c6\u89c9\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<br>\u2460 SVQA-R1\uff08Wang &amp; Ling, 2025\uff09\u3001STAR-R1\uff08Li et al., 2025d\uff09\uff1a\u7528\u89c6\u56fe\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u5956\u52b1\u4f18\u5316\u7a7a\u95f4VQA\uff1b<br>\u2461 WeThink\uff08Yang et al., 2025a\uff09\u3001GThinker\uff08Zhan et al., 2025a\uff09\uff1a\u8bfe\u7a0b\u5b66\u4e60\u9010\u6b65\u63d0\u5347\u4efb\u52a1\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff0c\u57f9\u517b\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u63a8\u7406\uff1b<br>\u2462 EchoInk-R1\uff08Xing et al., 2025\uff09\uff1a\u878d\u5165\u97f3\u89c6\u9891\u540c\u6b65\u6027\u5956\u52b1\uff0cGRPO\u4f18\u5316\u591a\u6a21\u6001\u63a8\u7406\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Think with Image<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c06\u56fe\u50cf\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u5916\u90e8\u5de5\u4f5c\u7a7a\u95f4\u201d\uff0c\u751f\u6210\/\u7f16\u8f91\u89c6\u89c9\u6807\u8bb0\u8f85\u52a9\u63a8\u7406\uff1a<br>\u2460 GRIT\uff08Fan et al., 2025\uff09\uff1a\u5c06\u8fb9\u754c\u6846token\u4e0e\u8bed\u8a00\u4ea4\u7ec7\uff0cGRPO\u4f18\u5316\u201c\u7b54\u6848\u6b63\u786e\u6027+\u6846\u7cbe\u5ea6\u201d\uff1b<br>\u2461 Ground-R1\uff08Cao et al., 2025\uff09\uff1a\u4e24\u9636\u6bb5\u6d41\u7a0b\u2014\u2014\u5148\u901a\u8fc7IoU\u5956\u52b1\u9ad8\u4eae\u8bc1\u636e\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u518d\u8fdb\u884c\u8bed\u8a00\u63a8\u7406\uff1b<br>\u2462 Pixel Reasoner\uff08Su et al., 2025a\uff09\uff1a\u52a8\u4f5c\u7a7a\u95f4\u52a0\u5165\u201c\u88c1\u526a\u3001\u64e6\u9664\u3001\u7ed8\u5236\u201d\u539f\u8bed\uff0c\u7528\u597d\u5947\u5fc3\u9a71\u52a8\u5956\u52b1\u5e73\u8861\u63a2\u7d22\uff1b<br>\u2463 DeepEyes\uff08Zheng et al., 2025\uff09\uff1a\u7aef\u5230\u7aefRL\u81ea\u53d1\u8bf1\u5bfc\u201c\u89c6\u89c9\u601d\u8003\u884c\u4e3a\u201d\uff0c\u65e0\u9700\u76d1\u7763\u542f\u53d1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h_1940723637264024676_18\"><strong>\uff084\uff09\u89c6\u9891\u63a8\u7406<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9488\u5bf9\u201c\u65f6\u5e8f\u52a8\u6001\u7406\u89e3\u201d\uff0cRL\u7528\u4e8e\u5bf9\u9f50\u6587\u672c\u63a8\u7406\u4e0e\u89c6\u9891\u8bc1\u636e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>VQ-Insight\uff08Zhang et al., 2025g\uff09\uff1a\u5206\u5c42\u5956\u52b1\u8bbe\u8ba1+\u81ea\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u6295\u7968\uff0c\u4f18\u5316\u957f\u89c6\u9891QA\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>TW-GRPO\uff08Dang et al., 2025\uff09\uff1atoken\u7ea7\u4fe1\u7528\u5206\u914d+GRPO\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u6587\u672c\u63a8\u7406\u4e0e\u89c6\u9891\u65f6\u5e8f\u5bf9\u9f50\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>EgoVLM\uff08Vinod et al., 2025\uff09\u3001VAU-R1\uff08Zhu et al., 2025b\uff09\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\u89c6\u89d2\u89c6\u9891\u63a8\u7406\uff0c\u7528\u89c6\u89c9\u8bb0\u5fc6\u4e0e\u6548\u7528\u5956\u52b1\u4f18\u5316\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>TimeMaster\uff08Zhang et al., 2025d\uff09\uff1a\u8bfe\u7a0b\u5b66\u4e60\u6784\u5efa\u65f6\u5e8f\u62bd\u8c61\uff0cVideoR1\uff08Feng et al., 2025\uff09\uff1a\u8de8\u9886\u57df\u89c6\u9891QA\u7684\u53ef\u6269\u5c55RL\u6846\u67b6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h_1940723637264024676_19\"><strong>3.2 \u89c6\u89c9\u751f\u6210<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u89c6\u89c9\u751f\u6210\u7684RL\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u201c\u5e73\u8861\u751f\u6210\u8d28\u91cf\u3001prompt\u5bf9\u9f50\u4e0e\u591a\u6837\u6027\u201d\uff0c\u5206\u56fe\u50cf\u3001\u89c6\u9891\u30013D\u4e09\u7c7b\u4efb\u52a1\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h_1940723637264024676_20\"><strong>\uff081\uff09\u56fe\u50cf\u751f\u6210<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u63d0\u51fa<strong>\u4e09\u5927\u5956\u52b1\u8303\u5f0f<\/strong>\uff08\u56fe5\uff09\uff0c\u8986\u76d6\u4e0d\u540c\u4f18\u5316\u76ee\u6807\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pic3.zhimg.com\/v2-56f152ac2b9ea19ed2e5b7731d78d242_1440w.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u56fe 5\uff1a\u57fa\u4e8e\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\uff08RL\uff09\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u751f\u6210\u7684\u4e09\u79cd\u5956\u52b1\u8303\u5f0f\u3002 \uff08a\uff09\u4ee5\u4eba\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u504f\u597d\u4f18\u5316\uff1a\u4f7f\u751f\u6210\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u7f8e\u5b66\u8bc4\u5206\u5bf9\u9f50\uff08\u76f8\u5173\u7814\u7a76\uff1aHPS\uff08Wu \u7b49\u4eba\uff0c2023b\uff09\u3001ImageReward\uff08Xu \u7b49\u4eba\uff0c2023\uff09\uff09\uff1b \uff08b\uff09\u57fa\u4e8e\u591a\u6a21\u6001\u63a8\u7406\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u6a21\u6001\u63a8\u7406\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u5bf9\u56fe\u50cf\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc4\u5206\uff08\u76f8\u5173\u7814\u7a76\uff1aWang \u7b49\u4eba\u3001Guo \u7b49\u4eba\uff09\uff1b\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u7279\u5b9a\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u91cf\u5316\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u5982\u5f17\u96f7\u6b47 inception \u8ddd\u79bb\uff08FID\uff09\u548c\u4ea4\u5e76\u6bd4\uff08IoU\uff09\uff1b \uff08c\uff09\u57fa\u4e8e\u6307\u6807\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u4f18\u5316\uff08\u76f8\u5173\u7814\u7a76\uff1aUnifiedReward\uff08\uff0c2025d\uff09\u3001PARM\uff08\uff0c2025h\uff09\uff09\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5fc3\u504f\u597d\u4f18\u5316<\/strong>\uff1a\u7528\u4eba\u7c7b\u7f8e\u5b66\/\u504f\u597d\u5206\u6570\u5f15\u5bfc\uff0c\u5982ImageReward\uff08Xu et al., 2023\uff09\u3001HPS\uff08Wu et al., 2023b\uff09\uff0cDiffPPO\uff08Xiao et al., 2024\uff09\u7528\u5176\u4f18\u5316\u6269\u6563\u6a21\u578b\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u591a\u6a21\u6001\u63a8\u7406\u5bf9\u9f50<\/strong>\uff1a\u7528MLLM\u8bc4\u4f30\u201c\u751f\u6210\u56fe\u50cf\u4e0e\u6587\u672c\u7684\u63a8\u7406\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u201d\uff0c\u5982UnifiedReward\uff08Wang et al., 2025h\uff09\u3001PARM\uff08Zhang et al., 2025e\uff09\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Metric\u9a71\u52a8\u4f18\u5316<\/strong>\uff1a\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u4efb\u52a1\u7279\u5b9a\u6307\u6807\uff08\u5982FID\u3001IoU\uff09\uff0c\u5982DDPO\uff08Black et al., 2023\uff09\u3001Diffusion-KTO\uff08Li et al., 2024b\uff09\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\uff1a<br>\u2460 ReasonGen-R1\uff08Zhang et al., 2025h\uff09\uff1a\u5148\u751f\u6210\u6587\u672c\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u518d\u7528RL\u5f3a\u5316\u751f\u6210\u5668\u7684\u573a\u666f\u8fde\u8d2f\u6027\uff1b<br>\u2461 PrefPaint\uff08Liu et al., 2024a\uff09\uff1a\u591a\u76ee\u6807\u5956\u52b1\uff08\u7f8e\u5b66\u3001\u591a\u6837\u6027\uff09\u4f18\u5316\u56fe\u50cf\u4fee\u590d\uff1b<br>\u2462 B\u00b2-DiffuRL\uff08Hu et al., 2025a\uff09\uff1a scarce\u53c2\u8003\u56fe\u50cf\u4e0b\uff0c\u7528\u4e3b\u9898\u4fdd\u771f\u5ea6\u5956\u52b1\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e2a\u6027\u5316\u751f\u6210\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h_1940723637264024676_21\"><strong>\uff082\uff09\u89c6\u9891\u751f\u6210<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6838\u5fc3\u6311\u6218\u662f\u201c\u65f6\u5e8f\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3001\u8fd0\u52a8\u81ea\u7136\u6027\u201d\uff0cRL\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u504f\u597d\u6a21\u578b\u4f18\u5316\uff1aInstructVideo\uff08Yuan et al., 2024\uff09\u590d\u7528\u56fe\u50cf\u8bc4\u5206\u5668\uff0cPPO\u4f18\u5316\u77ed\u7247\u6bb5\uff1bVideoReward\uff08Liu et al., 2025a\uff09\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e13\u7528\u504f\u597d\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u8bc4\u4f30\u5e8f\u5217\u5e73\u6ed1\u5ea6\u4e0eprompt\u5bf9\u9f50\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7ec4\u76f8\u5bf9\u4f18\u5316\uff1aDanceGRPO\uff08Xue et al., 2025\uff09\u7528\u7ec4\u5f52\u4e00\u5316\u56de\u62a5\uff0c\u7a33\u5b9a\u957f\u5468\u671f\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u89c6\u9891\u7f8e\u5b66\u5206\u6570\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u9886\u57df\u7279\u5b9a\u5956\u52b1\uff1aGAPO\uff08Zhu et al., 2025a\uff09\u7528\u201c\u5dee\u8ddd\u611f\u77e5\u6392\u5e8f\u201d\u4f18\u5316\u52a8\u6f2b\u89c6\u9891\uff1bPhys-AR\uff08Lin et al., 2025\uff09\u60e9\u7f5a\u7269\u7406\u5b9a\u5f8b\u8fdd\u53cd\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u5408\u7406\u8fd0\u52a8\u8f68\u8ff9\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h_1940723637264024676_22\"><strong>\uff083\uff093D\u751f\u6210<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>RL\u9700\u5904\u7406\u201c volumetric\u7ed3\u6784\u8bc4\u4f30\u6210\u672c\u9ad8\u201d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5173\u952e\u5de5\u4f5c\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>DreamCS\uff08Zou et al., 2025\uff09\uff1a\u6587\u672c-\u7f51\u683c\u751f\u6210\u4e3aMDP\uff0c\u6269\u6563\u6a21\u578b\u63d0\u7c97\u5f62\u72b6\uff0c\u7b56\u7565\u4f18\u5316\u9876\u70b9\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5956\u52b1\u878d\u5408\u8f6e\u5ed3IoU\u3001CLIP\u5bf9\u9f50\u4e0e\u7f51\u683c\u5e73\u6ed1\u5ea6\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>DreamReward\uff08Ye et al., 2024\uff09\uff1a\u5927\u89c4\u6a213D\u4eba\u7c7b\u504f\u597d\u6570\u636e\u96c6\uff0c\u8bad\u7ec3\u51e0\u4f55\u611f\u77e5\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\uff0cPPO\u4f18\u5316\u6587\u672c-\u5f62\u72b6\u6a21\u578b\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>DreamDPO\uff08Zhou et al., 2025c\uff09\uff1a\u5c06DPO\u6269\u5c55\u5230NeRF\u4e0e\u7f51\u683c\u6269\u6563\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u65e0\u9700\u4ef7\u503c\u7f51\u7edc\u5b9e\u73b0prompt\u4fdd\u771f\u5ea6\u5bf9\u9f50\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Nabla-R2D3\uff08Liu et al., 2025c\uff09\uff1a\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f3D\u573a\u666f\u7f16\u8f91\uff0c\u7528\u5b9e\u65f6\u6e32\u67d3\u89c6\u56fe\u4e0e\u7a7a\u95f4\u5173\u7cfb\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5956\u52b1\uff0cGRPO\u7a33\u5b9a\u8bad\u7ec3\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h_1940723637264024676_23\"><strong>3.3 \u7edf\u4e00\u6a21\u578b<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7edf\u4e00\u6a21\u578b\u7684RL\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u201c\u7528\u5355\u4e00\u7b56\u7565\u4f18\u5316\u591a\u89c6\u89c9-\u8bed\u8a00\u4efb\u52a1\u201d\uff0c\u5206\u4e24\u7c7b\u8bbe\u8ba1\u601d\u8def\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h_1940723637264024676_24\"><strong>\uff081\uff09\u7edf\u4e00RL\uff08Unified RL\uff09<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7528<strong>\u5171\u4eab\u5956\u52b1\u4e0e\u7b56\u7565<\/strong>\u8054\u5408\u4f18\u5316\u201c\u7406\u89e3+\u751f\u6210\u201d\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u8de8\u4efb\u52a1\u6cdb\u5316\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>UniRL\uff08Mao et al., 2025\uff09\uff1aVLM\u9aa8\u5e72\u5148\u6307\u4ee4\u5fae\u8c03\uff0c\u518d\u7528\u201c\u6587\u672c\u6b63\u786e\u6027+CLIP\u5bf9\u9f50+\u7f8e\u5b66\u8d28\u91cf\u201d\u6df7\u5408\u5956\u52b1\uff0c\u8054\u5408\u4f18\u5316VQA\u3001captioning\u4e0e\u56fe\u50cf\u751f\u6210\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>CoRL\uff08Jiang et al., 2025b\uff09\uff1aGRPO\u6b65\u9aa4\u4e2d\u4ea4\u66ff\u201c\u534f\u540c\u7406\u89e3\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u534f\u540c\u751f\u6210\u201d\u6279\u6b21\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u8de8\u4efb\u52a1\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>SelfTok\uff08Wang et al., 2025a\uff09\uff1a\u5c06\u591a\u6a21\u6001\u52a8\u4f5c\u79bb\u6563\u4e3a\u201c\u81ea\u8fdb\u5316token\u96c6\u201d\uff0c\u5355RL\u5934\u5b9e\u73b0\u68c0\u7d22\u3001\u63a5\u5730\u4e0e\u751f\u6210\uff0c\u53c2\u6570\u589e\u91cf\u5c11\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>HermesFlow\uff08Yang et al., 2025b\uff09\uff1a autoregressive\u6587\u672c\u6a21\u5757+\u6574\u6d41\u6d41\u56fe\u50cf\u89e3\u7801\u5668\uff0c\u8de8\u4efb\u52a1\u5956\u52b1\u7edf\u4e00\u6269\u6563\u4e0e\u8bed\u8a00\u7b56\u7565\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h_1940723637264024676_25\"><strong>\uff082\uff09\u4efb\u52a1\u7279\u5b9aRL\uff08Task-specific RL\uff09<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ec5\u5bf9<strong>\u5355\u4e00\u4efb\u52a1\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u751f\u6210\uff09<\/strong> \u5e94\u7528RL\uff0c\u4fdd\u7559\u5176\u4ed6\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u76d1\u7763\u5fae\u8c03\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>VARGPT-v1.1\uff08Zhuang et al., 2025\uff09\uff1aVLM\u9aa8\u5e72\u652f\u6301\u7406\u89e3\u4e0e\u751f\u6210\uff0c\u4f46RL\u4ec5\u4f18\u5316\u89c6\u89c9\u751f\u6210\uff08DPO\uff09\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Emu3\uff08Wang et al., 2024b\uff09\uff1aRL\u4ec5\u7528\u4e8e\u56fe\u50cf\u751f\u6210\u5206\u652f\uff08\u4eba\u7c7b\u504f\u597d\u5bf9\u9f50\uff09\uff0ccaptioning\u3001VQA\u7b49\u7406\u89e3\u4efb\u52a1\u7528SFT\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h_1940723637264024676_26\"><strong>3.4 \u89c6\u89c9-\u8bed\u8a00-\u52a8\u4f5c\u6a21\u578b\uff08VLA\uff09<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>VLA\u6a21\u578b\u7684RL\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u201c\u5b9e\u73b0\u2018\u611f\u77e5-\u51b3\u7b56-\u52a8\u4f5c\u2019\u95ed\u73af\u201d\uff0c\u8986\u76d6GUI\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u3001\u89c6\u89c9\u5bfc\u822a\u3001\u89c6\u89c9\u64cd\u7eb5\u4e09\u7c7b\u4efb\u52a1\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h_1940723637264024676_27\"><strong>\uff081\uff09GUI\u81ea\u52a8\u5316<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>RL\u7528\u4e8e\u201c\u5c4f\u5e55\u7406\u89e3\u4e0e\u52a8\u4f5c\u9884\u6d4b\u201d\uff0c\u5206\u684c\u9762\u4e0e\u79fb\u52a8\u573a\u666f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u684c\u9762\/\u7f51\u9875GUI<\/strong>\uff1a<br>\u2460 GUI-R1\uff08Luo et al., 2025\uff09\uff1aR1\u89c4\u5219\u96c6\u5c06\u201c\u70b9\u51fb\u6210\u529f\u3001\u6587\u672c\u8f93\u5165\u6709\u6548\u201d\u6620\u5c04\u4e3a\u7a20\u5bc6\u5956\u52b1\uff1b<br>\u2461 UI-R1\uff08Lu et al., 2025\uff09\uff1aGRPO+\u52a8\u4f5c\u7279\u5b9aKL\u9879\uff0c\u7a33\u5b9a\u957f\u5468\u671f\u8ba1\u5212\uff1b<br>\u2462 UIShift\uff08Gao et al., 2025b\uff09\uff1a\u9006\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u76ee\u6807\u4ece\u65e0\u6807\u6ce8GUI\u5bf9\u5b66\u4e60\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0cRL\u7cbe\u70bc\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u79fb\u52a8GUI<\/strong>\uff1a<br>\u2460 AgentCPM-GUI\uff08Zhang et al., 2025i\uff09\uff1a\u538b\u7f29\u52a8\u4f5c\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0cGRPO\u5fae\u8c03\u9002\u914d\u79fb\u52a8\u8bbe\u5907\uff1b<br>\u2461 MobileGUI-RL\uff08Shi et al., 2025\uff09\uff1a\u5728\u7ebfRL+\u4efb\u52a1\u7ea7\u5956\u52b1\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u5185\u5b58\u6709\u9650\u4e0b\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\u95ee\u9898\uff1b<br>\u2462 GTA1\uff08Yang et al., 2025d\uff09\uff1a\u91c7\u6837\u591a\u52a8\u4f5c\u5019\u9009\uff0c judge\u6a21\u578b\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u4f18\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u6210\u529f\u7387\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h_1940723637264024676_28\"><strong>\uff082\uff09\u89c6\u89c9\u5bfc\u822a<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>RL\u7528\u4e8e\u201c\u5177\u8eab\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u957f\u5468\u671f\u5bfc\u822a\u51b3\u7b56\u201d\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>OctoNav-R1\uff08Gao et al., 2025a\uff09\uff1a\u201c\u601d\u8003\u518d\u884c\u52a8\u201dVLA pipeline\uff0c\u5c06\u7b2c\u4e00\u89c6\u89d2\u5e27\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u4f4e\u9636\u52a8\u4f5c\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>VLN-R1\uff08Qi et al., 2025\uff09\uff1a\u7aef\u5230\u7aef\u5bfc\u822a\u5668\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u8870\u51cf\u5956\u52b1\u5904\u7406\u8fde\u7eed\u8f68\u8ff9\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Flare\uff08Hu et al., 2024a\uff09\uff1a\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u4eff\u771fRL\u5fae\u8c03\u591a\u4efb\u52a1\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u771f\u5b9e\u5bb6\u5c45\u573a\u666f\u6cdb\u5316\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>More\uff08Zhao et al., 2025\uff09\uff1a\u5168\u5411\u8f93\u5165+\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5f15\u5bfc\u7b56\u7565\u84b8\u998f\uff0cRAPID\uff08Kim et al., 2025\uff09\uff1a\u878d\u5408\u4f4d\u59ff\u5148\u9a8c\u52a0\u901f\u672a\u77e5\u5e03\u5c40\u6536\u655b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h_1940723637264024676_29\"><strong>\uff083\uff09\u89c6\u89c9\u64cd\u7eb5<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>RL\u7528\u4e8e\u201c\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u590d\u6742\u7269\u4f53\u64cd\u7eb5\u4e0e\u957f\u5468\u671f\u89c4\u5212\u201d\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>TGRPO\uff08Chen et al., 2025g\uff09\uff1a\u4efb\u52a1\u63a5\u5730\u5956\u52b1+\u7ec4\u5f52\u4e00\u5316\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u7a33\u5b9a\u5f00\u653e\u57df\u7269\u4f53\u64cd\u7eb5\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>RFTF\uff08Shu et al., 2025\uff09\uff1a\u89c4\u5219\u5316\u5956\u52b1\u652f\u6301\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u684c\u9762\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u4eba\u7c7b\u76d1\u7763\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>RLVLA\uff08Liu et al., 2025b\uff09\u3001VLA-RL\uff08Lu et al., 2025b\uff09\uff1a\u8bfe\u7a0b\u5f0fRL\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u5728\u591a\u6837\u91cd\u6392\u73af\u5883\u7684\u6210\u529f\u7387\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ReinBot\uff08Zhang et al., 2025b\uff09\uff1a\u591a\u6a21\u6001rollout+\u504f\u597d\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u771f\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u64cd\u7eb5\u9c81\u68d2\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h_1940723637264024676_30\"><strong>\u56db\u3001\u8bc4\u4f30\u6307\u6807\u4e0e\u57fa\u51c6\u4f53\u7cfb<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7efc\u8ff0\u63d0\u51fa\u201c\u7c92\u5ea6\u5206\u5c42\u201d\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5e76\u68b3\u7406\u5404\u9886\u57df\u4e13\u7528\u57fa\u51c6\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u89c6\u89c9RL\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u53ef\u590d\u73b0\u4e0e\u53ef\u6bd4\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h_1940723637264024676_31\"><strong>4.1 \u8bc4\u4f30\u6307\u6807\u7684\u4e09\u5927\u7c92\u5ea6\uff08\u56fe6\uff09<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pic2.zhimg.com\/v2-35525cc4ba8de7584b8e1da375a25813_1440w.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u56fe 6\uff1a\u89c6\u89c9\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\uff08Visual RL\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u6307\u6807\u7c92\u5ea6\u3002\uff08a\uff09\u96c6\u5408\u7ea7\u6307\u6807\uff1a\u9488\u5bf9\u6574\u4e2a\u63d0\u793a\u96c6\uff08prompt set\uff09\u7684\u5355\u4e00\u8bc4\u5206\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6700\u7ec8\u8bc4\u4f30\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5f17\u96f7\u6b47 inception \u8ddd\u79bb\uff08FID\uff09\uff09\u3002\uff08b\uff09\u6837\u672c\u7ea7\u6307\u6807\uff1a\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8f93\u51fa\u5206\u914d\u7684\u5956\u52b1\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bad\u7ec3\u7b56\u7565\uff08\u5982\u57fa\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u53cd\u9988\u7684\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\uff08RLHF\uff09\u3001\u76f4\u63a5\u504f\u597d\u4f18\u5316\uff08DPO\uff09\uff09\u3002\uff08c\uff09\u72b6\u6001\u7ea7\u6307\u6807\uff1a\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\uff08\u5982 KL \u6563\u5ea6\u3001\u957f\u5ea6\u504f\u79fb\uff09\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u76d1\u63a7\u8bad\u7ec3\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u7b26\u53f7\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u3001\u3001\u5206\u522b\u8868\u793a\u63d0\u793a\uff08prompt\uff09\u3001\u751f\u6210\u8f93\u51fa\uff08generated output\uff09\u548c\u771f\u503c\uff08ground truth\uff09\uff1b\u548c\u5206\u522b\u6307\u7b2c 0 \u4e2a\u548c\u7b2c t \u4e2a\u7b56\u7565\u6a21\u578b\uff1b\u8868\u793a\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h_1940723637264024676_32\"><strong>\uff081\uff09Set-level\uff08\u96c6\u5408\u7ea7\uff09<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bc4\u4f30<strong>\u6574\u4e2aprompt\u96c6\u7684\u751f\u6210\u5206\u5e03\u8d28\u91cf<\/strong>\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6700\u7ec8\u6027\u80fd\u62a5\u544a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a\u5bf9\u6d4b\u8bd5prompt\u96c6P_test\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u751f\u6210\u5206\u5e03Y_gen\u4e0e\u53c2\u8003\u5206\u5e03Y_gt\uff08\u5982ground truth\uff09\uff0c\u516c\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5e38\u7528\u6307\u6807\uff1a\u56fe\u50cf\u751f\u6210\u7684FID\u3001Inception Score\uff1b\u89c6\u9891\u751f\u6210\u7684FVD\u3001Video IS\uff1bVQA\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u7387\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h_1940723637264024676_33\"><strong>\uff082\uff09Sample-level\uff08\u6837\u672c\u7ea7\uff09<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3a<strong>\u5355\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165-\u8f93\u51fa\u5bf9<\/strong>\u63d0\u4f9b\u5956\u52b1\uff0c\u9a71\u52a8RL\u7b56\u7565\u66f4\u65b0\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a(p_i, y_gen^i)\uff0c\u5956\u52b1\u51fd\u6570M_samp(y_gen^i, p_i)=R_\u03c6(y_gen^i,p_i)\uff08\u65e0\u53c2\u8003\uff09\u6216R_\u03c6(y_gen^i,y_gt^i,p_i)\uff08\u6709\u53c2\u8003\uff09\uff0c\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3astep-wise\u4f18\u52bf\u00c2_{i,t}\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5e38\u7528\u6307\u6807\uff1a\u4eba\u7c7b\u504f\u597d\u5206\u6570\uff08ImageReward\u3001HPS\uff09\u3001\u53ef\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6307\u6807\uff08IoU\u3001\u4ee3\u7801\u901a\u8fc7\u7387\uff09\u3001\u6a21\u578b\u504f\u597d\u5206\u6570\uff08CriticGPT\u3001VideoPrefer\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h_1940723637264024676_34\"><strong>\uff083\uff09State-level\uff08\u72b6\u6001\u7ea7\uff09<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u76d1\u63a7<strong>\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u52a8\u6001<\/strong>\uff0c\u65e9\u671f\u68c0\u6d4b\u5f02\u5e38\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u6838\u5fc3\u6307\u6807\uff1aKL\u6563\u5ea6D(\u03c0_\u03b8_t || \u03c0_\u03b8_0)\uff08\u8861\u91cf\u7b56\u7565\u6f02\u79fb\uff09\u3001\u8f93\u51fa\u957f\u5ea6\u6f02\u79fb\uff08\u9632\u6b62\u91cd\u590d\/\u5197\u957f\uff09\u3001\u6269\u6563\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u53bb\u566a\u8f68\u8ff9\u65b9\u5dee\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5e94\u7528\uff1a\u5982UniRL\u76d1\u63a7\u201c\u751f\u6210-\u7406\u89e3\u5956\u52b1\u4e0d\u5e73\u8861\u201d\uff0cHermesFlow\u76d1\u63a7\u5171\u4eab\u7b56\u7565\u7684KL\u6f02\u79fb\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h_1940723637264024676_35\"><strong>4.2 \u5404\u9886\u57df\u4e13\u7528\u57fa\u51c6<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7efc\u8ff0\u6574\u7406\u4e86\u4e09\u7c7b\u6838\u5fc3\u57fa\u51c6\uff08\u88683\u30014\u30015\uff09\uff0c\u8986\u76d6\u6570\u636e\u3001\u5956\u52b1\u4fe1\u53f7\u4e0e\u8bc4\u4f30\u4efb\u52a1\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h_1940723637264024676_36\"><strong>\uff081\uff09MLLM\u57fa\u51c6<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u805a\u7126\u201c\u89c6\u89c9\u63a8\u7406\u4e0e\u504f\u597d\u5bf9\u9f50\u201d\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>SEED-Bench-R1\uff08Chen et al., 2025c\uff09\uff1a50k\u89c6\u9891QA\u5bf9\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u504f\u597d\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ego-R1\uff08Tian et al., 2025\uff09\uff1a25k\u7b2c\u4e00\u89c6\u89d2\u8f68\u8ff9\uff0c7\u6b65\u94fe\u5f0f\u5de5\u5177\u8c03\u7528\u5956\u52b1\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>VisuLogic\uff08Xu et al., 2025a\uff09\uff1a1k\u89c6\u89c9\u63a8\u7406\u8c1c\u9898\uff0c\u7cbe\u786e\u5339\u914d\u5956\u52b1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h_1940723637264024676_37\"><strong>\uff082\uff09\u89c6\u89c9\u751f\u6210\u57fa\u51c6<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u63d0\u4f9b\u201c\u4eba\u7c7b\u504f\u597d\u6570\u636e\u6216\u53ef\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6307\u6807\u201d\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>ImageReward\uff08Xu et al., 2023\uff09\uff1a\u4eba\u7c7b\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u6587\u672c-\u56fe\u50cf\u5bf9\uff0c scalar\u5956\u52b1\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pick-a-Pic\uff08Kirstain et al., 2023\uff09\uff1a\u7528\u6237\u504f\u597d\u7684\u6587\u672c-\u56fe\u50cf\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u7528\u4e8eDPO\/PPO\u8bad\u7ec3\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>VideoReward\uff08Liu et al., 2025a\uff09\uff1a\u4eba\u7c7b\u6392\u5e8f\u89c6\u9891\u5bf9\uff0c\u8bc4\u4f30\u8d28\u91cf\u3001\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e0e\u5bf9\u9f50\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h_1940723637264024676_38\"><strong>\uff083\uff09VLA\u6a21\u578b\u57fa\u51c6<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u63d0\u4f9b\u201c\u52a8\u4f5c\u8f68\u8ff9\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u4eff\u771f\u201d\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>GUI-R1-3K\uff08Luo et al., 2025\uff09\uff1a3k+\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\uff08Windows\u3001Android\u3001Web\uff09GUI\u8f68\u8ff9\uff0cR1\u7a20\u5bc6\u5956\u52b1\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Habitat\uff08Puig et al., 2023\uff09\uff1a\u5177\u8eabAI\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e0e\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u4ea4\u4e92\u5956\u52b1\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>RLBench\uff08James et al., 2020\uff09\uff1a\u591a\u4efb\u52a1\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u64cd\u7eb5\uff0c\u4eff\u771f\u73af\u5883\u5956\u52b1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h_1940723637264024676_39\"><strong>\u4e94\u3001\u5f00\u653e\u6311\u6218\u4e0e\u672a\u6765\u65b9\u5411<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7efc\u8ff0\u57fa\u4e8e\u73b0\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u75db\u70b9\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u56db\u5927\u6838\u5fc3\u6311\u6218\u4e0e\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h_1940723637264024676_40\"><strong>5.1 \u6709\u6548\u63a8\u7406\uff1a\u5e73\u8861\u6df1\u5ea6\u4e0e\u6548\u7387<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u6311\u6218\uff1a\u8fc7\u957f\u63a8\u7406\u94fe\u5bfc\u81f4 latency\u4e0e\u8bef\u5dee\u7d2f\u79ef\uff0c\u8fc7\u77ed\u5219\u4e22\u5931\u5173\u952e\u4fe1\u606f\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u672a\u6765\u65b9\u5411\uff1a<br>\u2460 \u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u5468\u671f\u7b56\u7565\uff1a\u8bad\u7ec3\u201c\u7ec8\u6b62\u8bc4\u5224\u5668\u201d\uff0c\u8054\u5408\u4f18\u5316\u7b54\u6848\u8d28\u91cf\u4e0e\u8ba1\u7b97\u6210\u672c\uff1b<br>\u2461 \u5143\u63a8\u7406\u4e0e\u5c11\u6837\u672c\u81ea\u8bc4\u4f30\uff1a\u7528\u51bb\u7ed3VLM critique\u90e8\u5206\u63a8\u7406\u94fe\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u7ee7\u7eed\u601d\u8003\uff1b<br>\u2462 \u65b0\u57fa\u51c6\uff1a\u540c\u65f6\u62a5\u544a\u201c\u6210\u529f\u7387\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u63a8\u7406\u6548\u7387\u201d\uff08\u6b65\u6570\u3001FLOPs\u3001 latency\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h_1940723637264024676_41\"><strong>5.2 VLA\u7684\u957f\u5468\u671fRL<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u6311\u6218\uff1aVLA\u4efb\u52a1\u9700\u6570\u5341\u6b65\u539f\u5b50\u52a8\u4f5c\uff08\u5982GUI\u70b9\u51fb\u3001\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u6293\u53d6\uff09\uff0c\u7aef\u4efb\u52a1\u5956\u52b1\u7a00\u758f\uff0cGRPO\/PPO\u6548\u679c\u6709\u9650\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u672a\u6765\u65b9\u5411\uff1a<br>\u2460 \u5185\u5728\u5b50\u76ee\u6807\u53d1\u73b0\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u5316\u68c0\u6d4b\u6216\u8bed\u8a00\u805a\u7c7b\u5206\u5272\u8f68\u8ff9\uff0c\u4e3a\u5b50\u76ee\u6807\u5206\u914d\u7a20\u5bc6\u5956\u52b1\uff1b<br>\u2461 \u6548\u7528\u8bc4\u5224\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\uff1a\u8bad\u7ec3\u5bf9\u6bd4VLM\u8bc4\u5206\u201c\u52a8\u4f5c-\u76ee\u6807\u8ddd\u79bb\u201d\uff0c\u65e0\u9700\u4eba\u5de5\u6807\u6ce8\u63d0\u4f9b\u5851\u9020\u5956\u52b1\uff1b<br>\u2462 \u5206\u5c42RL\uff1a\u9ad8\u5c42\u8bed\u8a00\u89c4\u5212\u5668\u63d0\u51fa\u8bed\u4e49\u5b50\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u4f4e\u5c42\u7b56\u7565\u7528\u79bb\u7ebfRL\u6216\u51b3\u7b56Transformer\u5fae\u8c03\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h_1940723637264024676_42\"><strong>5.3 \u57fa\u4e8e\u89c6\u89c9\u601d\u8003\u7684RL<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u6311\u6218\uff1a\u201c\u7528\u56fe\u50cf\u601d\u8003\u201d\uff08\u5982\u88c1\u526a\u3001\u7ed8\u5236\uff09\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u7a7a\u95f4\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3001\u4fe1\u7528\u5206\u914d\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u6548\u7387\u95ee\u9898\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u672a\u6765\u65b9\u5411\uff1a<br>\u2460 \u6df7\u5408\u52a8\u4f5c\u7a7a\u95f4\uff1a\u53ef\u5fae\u63d0\u8bae\u7b56\u7565+\u7b56\u7565\u68af\u5ea6\u7cbe\u70bc\u8fde\u7eed\u52a8\u4f5c\uff08\u5982\u88c1\u526a\u5750\u6807\uff09\uff1b<br>\u2461 step-wise\u4ee3\u7406\u5956\u52b1\uff1a\u5982\u201c\u88c1\u526a\u540eCLIP\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6\u63d0\u5347\u201d\u201c\u4fe1\u5ff5\u72b6\u6001\u71b5\u964d\u4f4e\u201d\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5206\u5c42RL\uff1b<br>\u2462 \u6837\u672c\u9ad8\u6548\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u6a21\u578b\u57fa\u60f3\u8c61\uff08\u5982Pixel Reasoner\uff09\u3001\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u611f\u77e5\u89c4\u5212\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h_1940723637264024676_43\"><strong>5.4 \u89c6\u89c9\u751f\u6210\u7684\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u6311\u6218\uff1a\u73b0\u6709\u5956\u52b1\uff08\u5982FID\u3001ImageReward\uff09\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u611f\u77e5\u5f31\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u6613\u5bfc\u81f4\u201c\u5956\u52b1\u653b\u51fb\u201d\uff08\u5982\u9ad8\u5bf9\u6bd4\u5ea6 artifacts\uff09\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u672a\u6765\u65b9\u5411\uff1a<br>\u2460 \u591a\u4fe1\u53f7\u878d\u5408\uff1a\u6574\u5408\u4f4e\u9636\u4fe1\u53f7\uff08\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3001\u7269\u7406\u3001\u51e0\u4f55\uff09\u4e0e\u9ad8\u9636\u4eba\u7c7b\u504f\u597d\uff1b<br>\u2461 \u8de8\u6a21\u6001\u6cdb\u5316\uff1a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u56fe\u50cf\u3001\u89c6\u9891\u30013D\u7684\u901a\u7528\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\uff1b<br>\u2462 \u6297\u653b\u51fb\u4e0e\u52a8\u6001\u66f4\u65b0\uff1a\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\u9700\u9c81\u68d2\u4e8e\u7b56\u7565\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff0c\u4e14\u80fd\u968f\u7528\u6237\u504f\u597d\u6f14\u53d8\u66f4\u65b0\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h_1940723637264024676_44\"><strong>\u516d\u3001\u7ed3\u8bba<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u89c6\u89c9\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u5df2\u4ece\u201c\u5b64\u7acb\u9a8c\u8bc1\u201d\u53d1\u5c55\u4e3a\u201c\u878d\u5408\u89c6\u89c9\u3001\u8bed\u8a00\u3001\u52a8\u4f5c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u524d\u6cbf\u201d\uff0c\u6838\u5fc3\u9a71\u52a8\u529b\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u2460\u5956\u52b1\u76d1\u7763\u4eceRLHF\u5411\u201c\u7ec4\u76f8\u5bf9+\u53ef\u9a8c\u8bc1\u201d\u5347\u7ea7\uff1b\u2461\u7edf\u4e00\u67b6\u6784\u5b9e\u73b0\u201c\u611f\u77e5-\u63a8\u7406-\u751f\u6210\u201d\u8054\u5408\u4f18\u5316\uff1b\u2462\u57fa\u51c6\u4f53\u7cfb\u8986\u76d6\u201c\u504f\u597d\u5bf9\u9f50+\u7b56\u7565\u7a33\u5b9a\u201d\u591a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u9886\u57df\u4ecd\u9762\u4e34\u201c\u6570\u636e\u6548\u7387\u4f4e\u3001\u6cdb\u5316\u80fd\u529b\u6709\u9650\u3001\u957f\u5468\u671f\u5956\u52b1\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7f3a\u4e4f\u6307\u5bfc\u3001\u8bc4\u4f30\u6807\u51c6\u5f85\u5b8c\u5584\u201d\u7b49\u6311\u6218\u3002\u672a\u6765\u9700\u66f4\u7d27\u5bc6\u7ed3\u5408\u201c\u6a21\u578b\u57fa\u89c4\u5212\u3001\u81ea\u76d1\u7763\u89c6\u89c9\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u3001\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u8bfe\u7a0b\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u4f18\u5316\u201d\uff0c\u63a8\u52a8\u89c6\u89c9RL\u8d70\u5411\u201c\u6837\u672c\u9ad8\u6548\u3001\u53ef\u9760\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u5bf9\u9f50\u201d\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h_1940723637264024676_45\"><strong>\u53c2\u8003<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bba\u6587\u6807\u9898\uff1aReinforcement Learning in Vision: A Survey<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bba\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/arxiv.org\/pdf\/2508.08189\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/arxiv.org\/pdf\/2508.08189<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9879\u76ee\u4e3b\u9875\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/github.com\/weijiawu\/Awesome-Visual-Reinforcement-Learning\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/github.com\/weijiawu\/Awesome-Visual-Reinforcement-Learning<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff1ahttps:\/\/zhuanlan.z [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-32163","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-technology-frontier","category-home"],"views":0,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/222.128.65.89:18086\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32163"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/222.128.65.89:18086\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/222.128.65.89:18086\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/222.128.65.89:18086\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/222.128.65.89:18086\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=32163"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/222.128.65.89:18086\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32163\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":32164,"href":"http:\/\/222.128.65.89:18086\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32163\/revisions\/32164"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/222.128.65.89:18086\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=32163"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/222.128.65.89:18086\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=32163"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/222.128.65.89:18086\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=32163"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}